Lymphedema Causes Painful Swelling, Raises Infection Risk

Lympedema is an accumulation of fluid that collects in the arm, leg or genital area when lymph nodes are blocked or removed. The lymphatic system is part of the body’s circulatory system and a vital part of the immune system. The lymphatic system runs parallel with the veins and removes cellular waste from the tissues.

Bean-shaped structures called lymph nodes filter lymph fluid and fight bacteria. When these nodes are insufficient, damaged or removed by surgery, lymph fluid backs up and becomes stagnant. The surrounding tissue then swells, thickens and becomes painful. Bacteria in this environment can multiply and greatly increase the risk of infection.

What are the types and causes of lymphedema?

There are two types of lymphedema: primary and secondary.

Primary lymphedema of an “unknown cause” occurs in 1 in 10,000 people. Women are more commonly affected by primary lymphedema than are men. 

Secondary lymphedema may result from the surgical removal of, or permanent damage to, lymph nodes. Nodes near the area may be removed or irradiated aspart of the treatment of breast, prostate, cervical or uterine cancers. In a minority of cases, the chronic swelling may occur.

See the Lymphedema-Edema page of this website to learn about treatment options from HealthReach Rehabilitation Services' Lymphedema Center, or call 262-780-0707 or 888-780-8778.